{"id":2461,"date":"2021-06-14T18:22:55","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T18:22:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gangodvaznych.cz\/?p=2461"},"modified":"2026-03-28T21:42:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T21:42:49","slug":"princezna-mio-san-a-chram-sensodzi-mariana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gangodvaznych.cz\/index.php\/2021\/06\/14\/princezna-mio-san-a-chram-sensodzi-mariana\/","title":{"rendered":"Princezna Miao-\u0161an a chr\u00e1m Sens\u00f3d\u017ei (Mariana)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Je pravda, \u017ee kv\u016fli zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed jsme toho z Japonska moc nevid\u011bli. Ale ne\u017e ta hr\u016fza propukla, p\u0159ece jen jsme mohli aspo\u0148 na chv\u00edli nas\u00e1t atmosf\u00e9ru tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00e9 kultury mezi starobyl\u00fdmi stavbami ve \u010dtvrti Asakusa.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edte si ale odmyslet davy turist\u016f a taky fakt, \u017ee historick\u00e9 stavby le\u017e\u00ed v obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed novodob\u00e9 v\u00fdstavby. Ale i tak\u2026 sta\u010d\u00ed proj\u00edt br\u00e1nou a jste v jin\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

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Je dobr\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee japonsk\u00e1 kultura m\u00e1 z\u00e1klad v \u0161intoismu a buddhismu.<\/p>\n

\u0160intoismus<\/strong> je tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Vych\u00e1z\u00ed z v\u00edry v mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch bo\u017estev, ochrann\u00fdch b\u016f\u017ek\u016f, duch\u016f a m\u00fdtick\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f. Nem\u00e1 jasn\u00e1 pravidla ani p\u0159ik\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"Buddhismus<\/strong> je u\u010den\u00ed indick\u00e9ho prince Siddh\u00e1rtha Gautamy zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako Buddha (japonsky Butuzo), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201eprobuzen\u00fd\u201c. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee bytosti proch\u00e1zej\u00ed cykly zrozen\u00ed a um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, a\u017e dosp\u011bj\u00ed k nirv\u00e1n\u011b (kone\u010dn\u00e9mu osv\u00edcen\u00ed).<\/p>\n

Ob\u011b u\u010den\u00ed se tu oded\u00e1vna m\u00eds\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed sv\u00e9bytnou filozofii \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu.<\/p>\n

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\"\"Legenda o princezn\u011b Miao-\u0161an<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l Miao Chuang Jen a kr\u00e1lovna Pao Jing m\u011bli t\u0159i dcery. Nejmlad\u0161\u00ed se jmenovala Miao-\u0161an. Byla kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, vl\u00eddn\u00e1 a skromn\u00e1 a mnoh\u00e1 znamen\u00ed nasv\u011bd\u010dovala, \u017ee je b\u00f3dhisattvou, to znamen\u00e1 osv\u00edcen\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00fd je na cest\u011b dos\u00e1hnout stavu buddhy (pln\u011b probuzen\u00e9 bytosti, kter\u00e1 ukon\u010dila kolob\u011bh nov\u00fdch zrozen\u00ed a dos\u00e1hla dokonal\u00e9 existence).<\/p>\n

Otec cht\u011bl Miao-\u0161an provdat, ale princezna \u0159ekla, \u017ee se vd\u00e1 jen tehdy, kdy\u017e se poda\u0159\u00ed odvr\u00e1tit t\u0159i lidsk\u00e1 ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed \u2013 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, nemoc a smrt. Kr\u00e1l se rozzlobil a trestal ji hladem, nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed prac\u00ed, dokonce vyhnanstv\u00edm, kdy pro\u0161la i branou pekla. Ale Miao-\u0161an n\u00e1zor nezm\u011bnila. Kdy\u017e pozd\u011bji kr\u00e1l onemocn\u011bl, vzdala se pro n\u011bho sv\u00fdch rukou a o\u010d\u00ed, aby ho vyl\u00e9\u010dila. Otec ji pak s d\u00edky prosil o odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Vtom se zem\u011b za\u010dala ot\u0159\u00e1sat, z nebe padaly kv\u011bty a princezna n\u00e1hle vypadala jako d\u0159\u00edv. Stala se v\u0161ak vt\u011blen\u00edm bohyn\u011b soucitu Kuan-jin (japonsky Kannon).<\/p>\n

(Kronika \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho buddhismu od Tsu Hsiu z roku 1164<\/em>.)<\/p>\n

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\"\"Dal\u0161\u00ed legenda \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee v roce 628 vylovili dva japon\u0161t\u00ed ryb\u00e1\u0159i z \u0159eky Sumida malou zlatou so\u0161ku buddhistick\u00e9 bohyn\u011b soucitu Kannon. Nejd\u0159\u00edv so\u0161ku uchov\u00e1vali ve sv\u00e9 ch\u00fd\u0161i, ale jak se lid\u00e9 k so\u0161ce sj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bli zbl\u00edzka i zdaleka, vystav\u011bli bohyni chr\u00e1m nazvan\u00fd Asakusa Kannon, nebo tak\u00e9 chr\u00e1m Sens\u00f3d\u017ei.<\/p>\n

V okol\u00ed chr\u00e1mu vznikaly dal\u0161\u00ed stavby, kter\u00e9 daly z\u00e1klad \u010dtvrti Asakusa. Dnes je to nejstar\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st m\u011bsta \u0160imata\u010di z obdob\u00ed Edo, kter\u00e9 bylo pozd\u011bji p\u0159ejmenovan\u00e9 na Tokio.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00e1 oblast byla roku 1923 poni\u010den\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm, ale historick\u00e9 stavby ho ust\u00e1ly. \u00daplnou zk\u00e1zu v\u0161ak zp\u016fsobilo americk\u00e9 bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed v dob\u011b 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Chr\u00e1m Sens\u00f3d\u017ei tak musel b\u00fdt na p\u016fvodn\u00edch z\u00e1kladech postaven\u00fd znovu.<\/p>\n

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So\u0161ka bohyn\u011b Kannon, kter\u00e1 \u00fadajn\u011b m\u011b\u0159\u00ed pouh\u00fdch 7,5 centimetru, je pr\u00fd v chr\u00e1mu ukryt\u00e1 dodnes, ale je tak posv\u00e1tn\u00e1, \u017ee oby\u010dejn\u00fd smrteln\u00edk ji nesm\u00ed spat\u0159it.<\/p>\n

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Chr\u00e1m Sens\u00f3d\u017ei neboli Asakusa Kannon<\/strong><\/p>\n